苔丝电影英文版难度
‘壹’ 德伯家的苔丝哪个版本翻译的最好
张谷若先生翻译了许多哈代的作品：德伯家的苔丝、还乡、无名的裘德；
其实德伯家的苔丝的英文并不难，翻译的优劣在于对托马斯哈代的理解与还原；
所以推崇 张若谷 译本。
‘贰’ 求《德伯家的苔丝》2008年免费高清百度云资源,杰玛·阿特登主演的
链接: https://pan..com/s/1xlomil9YBwNRQBbPS3fcxQ
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《德伯家的苔丝 Tess of the D'Urbervilles》
导演: 戴维·布莱尔
编剧: 托马斯·哈代、大卫·尼克尔斯
主演: 杰玛·阿特登、埃迪·雷德梅恩、鲁思·琼斯、汉斯·麦瑟逊、伊恩·普莱斯顿-戴维斯、克里斯托弗·法里班克、乔·伍德考克、史蒂文·罗伯特森、休·斯金纳、朱迪·惠特克、肯内斯·库兰汉姆、唐纳德·桑普特、丽贝卡·斯塔顿、杰西卡·特纳、杰妮·斯巴克、Joel Rowbottom、克里斯汀·博顿利、艾玛·史坦斯费尔德、艾米丽·比查姆、崔佛·库珀、Sally Bankes、安娜·玛西、劳拉·埃尔芬斯通、Sarah Badel、Sara Lloyd-Gregory、梅丽娜·肯德尔、Sarah Counsell、Julie Barclay、艾莉·达塞·阿登
类型: 剧情
制片国家/地区: 英国、美国
语言: 英语
首播: 2008-09-14(英国)
集数: 4
单集片长: 60分钟
善良淳朴的农家姑娘苔丝（杰玛•阿特登 Gemma Arterton 饰），为了改变家人窘迫不堪的生活，在家人的劝说下去攀附有钱的亲戚德伯家族。被心性险恶的“堂哥”少爷亚历克（汉斯•麦瑟逊 Hans Matheson 饰）在密林里奸污怀孕。怀有身孕的苔丝回到父母的身边，生下的小孩却在不久后夭折，失去贞洁的苔丝在周围人的嘲笑和议论中艰难度日，心灵和肉体都遭受着巨大的伤害。南部奶牛场辛苦的劳作生活让苔丝痛苦的人生有了一个崭新的开始，并结识了英俊正直的安奇尔（埃迪•雷德梅恩 Eddie Redmayne 饰），与之相爱。新婚之夜苔丝向安奇尔坦白了自己的过去，原本企图获得原谅。生于基督教家庭的安奇尔无法接受事实，离开了苔丝。痛苦的苔丝又陷入了被过往的回忆折磨的绝望生活中。而伪善的亚力克此时又再度纠缠上了她…
改编自英国着名小说家和诗人托马斯 • 哈代的同名小说...
‘叁’ 德伯家的苔丝英文
德伯家的苔丝英文是Blowing in the Wind
上周读完《苔丝》，一直想说点儿什么，后来竟失语了。《苔丝》这样的书，以前从来没有卒读，现在想来是那时看不懂。现在也没有读懂多少，但是也足以让人失语。若说现在有什么渴望，就是渴望自己的笔，能像哈代一样一点不差地勾勒出苦难，就用哈代那样单纯的笔触。 最大的苦难不是当事人觉知的苦难，是当事人根本不能觉知的苦难。
即便写这样一个故事，哈代也还是写了那个悲剧女孩苔丝的快乐，她好好侍弄鸡，甚至还和自己讨厌的富家子弟Alec学会了吹口哨，还和同伴们去参加舞会。这要是换个人来写，不知道会把这时的苔丝写得怎样苦大仇深。
可是哈代绝不，似乎他也怜惜笔下的人，长夜未央，先让这个苦难的精灵快乐一会儿吧。苔丝和Alec 的交集埋下了她一生苦难的种子。这一段落结束的部分最精彩，就是苔搏或丝决定回自己家，她告诉Alec，有两句话实在太精彩，一是说，如果我曾基游伍经爱你，那么我现在就不会如此痛恨自己。
还有一句是，我知道说我爱你这对我会有怎样的好处，可是我不爱你。估计现代很多人都不可能有这样的坚决立场了，这个立场背后，是全然的真。苔丝的纯洁是冰里的水，人只可看见，不可触摸。这里的描写是特别耐人寻味的。通篇看下来，有人说Alec很坏，我倒真的没看出来，他就是那个样子，但是却是真实地喜欢苔丝。
甚至，在下半部，他遇到苔丝以后，还真诚地向苔丝求婚。悲剧就是这个样子吧，你仔细看每一个人，都看不出坏，可是偏偏就是这个人，能够做出后果极其恶劣的事情来。
苔丝回到自己家，是特别灰暗的一段日子。未婚生子，是一生悲剧的第一幕。可是，哈代还是写到她年轻的生机怎样让她在这样的打击中重新站起来。她似乎不用经任何心理斗争，就接受了自己的孩子，做工，养孩子，没有抱怨，没有犹疑。
难怪哈代认为苔丝是最纯净的女性形象。可是，孩子又很快夭折了。她自己给孩子受洗并埋葬后问牧师的话，是苔丝第一次去质问自己生活中发生的事，因为她害怕孩子的灵魂在地狱之火中焚烧。这是苔丝在书中唯一一次作为母亲的角色出现，失去的也是她短暂一生中唯一一个孩子。任何一个母亲，如果在苔丝的境遇中做到了苔丝做到的，就是当之无愧的母亲。
可即便在这样的打击之下，苔丝在奶牛场找到了新的工作，还是开始了另一段新生活。《苔丝》像一幅画卷，浓淡得宜，奶牛场的一段，无疑是书中最亮色的部分。这部分越欢快，越诚恳，越充满希望，后面的悲剧越悲伤，越有穿透人心的力量。她重遇安吉尔。际遇真的是魔鬼。她遇到安吉尔在先，可是在她有了作为女子最不幸的经历之后，他们，重逢了。
命运的吊诡，让人不能呼吸。一个悲剧在人们眼里落幕了，带着一个鲜明的结论，可是，有谁知道，悲剧的主角，在以后的人生中遇到了什么，他（她）是怎样背负着这个包袱走完人生余下的路呢？一个不人道的社会制度，经不起这样的叩问，因为会发现这个制度碾压下淋漓的鲜血。
苔丝和安吉尔恋爱了，似乎这才是开篇他们相逢的本意。安吉尔在确保父母不会反对自己和苔丝的婚事后，才郑重向苔丝表明心迹。这是怎样的看重和珍爱。那个算不上坏人的Alec，和安吉尔的分野一下子就彰显出来。
苔丝知道这才是真爱，可是她伸出双手，却怎样也捧不住这份爱了。命运的这种颠倒安排，也许才是小说永恒的主题，不是生命中不能承受之轻，而是不能承受之重。
经过漫长的求婚过程，经过苔丝的反复挣扎，他们还是结婚了。这个结婚，从开始就充满了不协和音，苔丝坦白的信，安吉尔错过了。婚礼那天的每一个细节都让人心惊肉跳，尤其是，安吉尔特意安排在德伯家的旧宅开始他们的新婚生活。
风雨交加，老宅，苔丝的那些阴魂不散又不能给她任何庇佑的祖先们，这一切仿佛一个悲剧音乐中渐强的部分，不看下去，也知道完了，只是，以何种方式完结呢？这个情节也很俗套，苔丝原谅了安吉尔，天真地以为自己也会被原谅，结论是：NO。
安吉尔抛下苔丝远走巴西，实质是什么？苔丝被实实在在地遗弃了，被自己的丈夫，被自己愿意用生命挚爱的人。可能有人可以指责Alec 是个坏人，可是很难指责阿吉尔也是坏人。安吉尔是那样的驯良又自然，完全是神仙眷属中的男主角。可是，就苔丝的一生来讲，最悲剧的部分甚至不是遇到Alec，而是遇到安吉尔。到此，已经有些伤心得写不下去了。
从此，苔丝才正式开始自己的苦难生活。就像她最后一次写给安吉尔的信中说的：我并没有做错什么，可是你是怎样待我的呢？这种遗弃在某种程度上比死还可怕，那个人还在，还承认她是名义上的妻子，可是在苔丝的任何境遇中，他均不在场。
他不保护，不承担，不提供任何支持。可是，苔丝还是爱安吉尔，用生命去等待，去忍耐，等待他回心转意。最高潮的部分是苔丝在和Alec 重逢，被Alec纠缠不休后第一次给安吉尔写信，这是在孩子夭折后苔丝这样一个逆来顺受的弱者的第二次呼喊：你快回来吧，来保护我。这也是她最后一次的呼求。
这本书最精彩的在于，似乎作者从来不在意情节的展开和铺排，笔触愿意在哪儿停留就在哪儿停留。到这里，故事的高潮似乎还没有到来，但是文章的篇幅已经几乎用尽了。接下来的情节是苔丝因为家里情况所迫，父死，全家被赶出原有的房子，在不得已的情况下接受了一直追求她的Alec 的资助，和自己最不喜欢的Alec 在一起。
然后，这时候，收到了信的安吉尔回来找她了。两个人的会面是在苔丝和Alec 的住所，对于苔丝来讲，最不可能发生的事情发生了。她是在对安吉尔彻底绝望之后才在新的现实中找到了自己的位置，可安吉尔是她此生的理想。
一个因循的人会接受命运的安排，中国人常讲的认命，可是苔丝没有。这是全书中苔丝唯一一次反抗。她的怒正应了那句“若士必怒，伏尸二人，流血五步”，她不再求助于牧师，不再寄望于安吉尔，只依靠自己，而她所有的，不过是一条命罢了。当一个人在所有际遇上都走入死局，不仅不能有幸福，亦不能有对幸福的企盼，流血五步就成为必然甚至也是唯一的结局。
苔丝在死前和安吉尔在一起五天，这五天是她此生全部的生活。他们其实并没想有将来，苔丝其实到死，也并不能相信安吉尔对她的爱始终不渝。她认为死去很好，这样就不会活着看到安吉尔瞧不起她。这个包袱与其说是社会让她背上的，不如说是安吉尔让她背上的。
也许在社会制度的碾压之外，人尚且有可以重生的机会，就是得到无私的爱。可是苔丝和大多数人一样，没有这样的幸运。她曾经在逆境中一次次努力，期待好的，等待安吉尔回心转意。最后，她终于放弃了。玉石俱焚，是她最终的选择。
这个故事看似平常，却是在一片美好中开始，在惊心动魄中落幕。一个始终纯洁良善的人，最终不仅杀了人，自己也身首异处。人们看到了开始，看到了结局，可是在苔丝身边的每个人，是否曾经问过自己，在苔丝的命运里，他们扮演了怎样的角色？如果社会制度不是那样，如果她的家庭不是那样。
如果不遇到Alec 和安吉尔，她的命运是否有被改写的机会？可是什么都没有发生。胡适说：“善恶皆不朽。”这句话我引用过很多次。因为它可以时刻提醒自己对社会和他人可能产生的影响。
如果社会制度可以有人格，希望它回望身后，不要看到被自己碾压而过的尸体；希望每个人在自己的行为可能对他人命运产生影响的时候，有悲悯之心。每一个被践踏、被撕毁的生命，可能都是苔丝。
‘肆’ 苔丝的故事（一）中英文
the part 1 of Tess
Tess ws born at at poor family in marlot of England ,she is the prettest girl in the village around 5 miles.all her knowledge she had came from her lessons in the village school ,after she left school she had tried to earn a little money by helping in the fields or milking cows or making butter.she blamed her monther for thoughtlessly procing so many children ,but never though about the future .she felt responsible for her little brothers and sisters and help her mother look after them .her father don't work hard and like drink little with heart problems .
苔丝出生在英国一个叫MARLOT的贫穷家庭。她是方圆5里最漂亮的女孩。她所有的知识来源于村坦袭里的学校，离开学校后她通过务农，挤牛奶和做黄油获得一点收入。她抱怨母亲毫不考虑的生了好几个孩子，而不考虑将来如何养育。她对弟妹很有责任感经常帮助母亲照看，她爸爸懒惰喜让简兄欢喝酒心脏不好。
One day ,her father be noticed a historian that they are descendant of the ancient and nobel family of the d’urbrvilles .its a oldest family in the whole country . tess family have old silver spoon and old seal ,it seems can prove that are actually its. it makes her father proud.
一天，她爸爸从一个历史学者那听说他们是一个古老高贵的家族后代，是这个国家最古老的姓氏。苔丝家有古老的勺子和封印似乎能证实，这让他爸爸很骄傲。咐姿
Her monther made a suggestion ,she found there are a rich lady living on the other side of the wood have the same family name with them and must be their relation. She ask tess go and claim relationship with her ,and also persuade some help in their trouble .tess wondered how she could help her parents , she know life now become rather difficult after their horse be died ,and her father can’t set off with beehives to market without horse .
苔丝妈妈提了个建议，她发现对面镇有个同样姓氏的女主人家，并猜就是他们家的亲戚。她让苔丝去拜访他们并说服对方给予帮助。苔丝想着如何帮助父母，她知道自从马死后家里更穷了，她爸爸不能再让马而驼着蜂蜜去市场了。
Next morning,tess walked to the town she hardly know to meet her relation.she stopped in amazement.its was large and almost new house ,it should be no lack of money here.a young man appered in the garden ,he is the son of the lady ,and told tess her monther is ill .tess very shy her face blushed a deep pink ,she told the man named alec about her family situation .and before she leave ,alex filled her basket with strawberries and flowers.
第二天苔丝去了这个她从不知道的亲戚家，她怔住了，这里有又大又新的房子，这家一定很有钱。一个年轻的男人出现在花园里，他是这家女主人的儿子，苔丝非常害羞的告诉他，关于她的家庭情况。临走前，alec 给她篮子装满了草莓和花。
It's the beginning of the the young girl meet the wrong man .
When tess arrived home the following afternoon a letter had already received by her monther .its from mrs d’urverville offered tess work looking after chickens.
这是这个年轻女孩碰见不对的男人的开始。当苔丝回家后的第二天她母亲收到一封信，是ALEC提供了一份苔丝去照看小鸡的工作。
It makes tess parents delighted .it means they recognize us as a family . and few days later alec visit tess’s home and ask tess could come or not .
这让他们父母非常高兴。这意味着他们认可我们的家庭，几天后ALEC来拜访苔丝是否愿意去。
Persuaded by her monther,after monents hesitation .tess finally agreed to go .
被妈妈说服后，几经犹豫，苔丝最终决定去。
The chickents for which tess was responsible lived in an old cottage on mrs d’urberville’s land .alec teach and showed tess to make whistle tunes .and she often met him in the garden and began to lose her shyness of him . tess enjony her new work with chickens.
这群小鸡在一个古老的农场里，ALEC教了苔丝如何吹口哨，苔丝经常在农场里见到ALEC，开始不那么害羞了。她很喜欢这份工作。
Every Saturday night the other farm works from the surrounding area used to go to drink and dance in the market town two or three miles away .for a long time tess did not go with them .but after a while she wanted to change from the routine and began to go the weekly trips regularly .
每个周六晚上其他的工人会去一个离这里三四里的镇上喝酒唱歌跳舞。很长时间苔丝都没有和他们一起去，但是她也想换个方式也开始加入这个常规周末旅行。
one saturday night she was waiting for her companions as it was time to go home ,when she realized the workers cant be going home soon,she meet alec and he offered to take her to home on the back of his horse.
一个周六晚上苔丝在等他同伴回家，当她意识到同伴不能及时回去时，恰巧碰上了ALEC,他愿意带她回去。
she hesitated then accepted .they rode along in the dark together ,she was very tired ,it have big fog and alec lost the way .tess leave there and alec go to find where they are .
when alec back tess have asleep .at the darkness and silence ,alec lay down beside her and the girl was not strong enough to resist him .
犹豫过后苔丝接受了，他们在黑暗中一起骑着马，她很累，雾气很重，他们迷路了。苔丝呆在那里，ALEC去找路。当ALEC回来时，苔丝已经睡着了。在安静黑暗中，ALEC将苔丝压倒，而苔丝无力反抗。
tess grillish purity lost by the wrong man .the beauty damaged by ugliness.after from now on ,tess 's life was to be completely different .
苔丝的女孩纯真被这个错误的男人夺去，美好被丑恶玷污，苔丝的生活从此以后发生了巨大的改变。
‘伍’ 跪求《苔丝(1979)》百度云无删减完整版在线观看，娜塔莎·金斯基主演的
链接:
导演:罗曼·波兰斯基
编剧:热拉尔·布拉什/罗曼·波兰斯基
主演:娜塔莎·金斯基/彼得·弗斯/利·劳森/约翰·科林/罗斯玛丽·马丁/更多...
类型:剧情/爱情
制片国家/地区:法国/英国
语言:英语
上映日期:1979-10-25
片长:184分钟/172分钟(DVD)/150分钟(阿根廷)/170分钟(法国)
又名:黛丝姑娘(港)该片讲述了苔丝（娜塔莎·金斯基NastassjaKinski饰）出生于英国乡村的一个小农家庭，一天她的父亲听说自家是古老贵族德伯维尔的后裔。这个传闻，让苔丝的一生发生了剧变。因为有一个姓德伯维尔的有钱人家就住在不远，父母让苔丝前去攀亲。
苔丝的美貌让德伯维尔家的少爷阿雷克（利·劳森LeighLawson饰）心生邪念，他夺走了苔丝的贞洁，让苔丝怀上了孩子，然而孩子却在出生后不久就夭折了。在德伯维尔家的这段悲惨经历，让苔丝失去了当时社会最看重的贞操，当她在牛奶厂遇上安吉尔（彼得·弗斯PeterFirth饰），以为安吉尔是她的终生伴侣时，却在新婚一夜因为告知安吉尔自己的过往而遭到抛弃。对爱情对生活已经绝望的苔丝，此时又遇上了家庭的变故。面对阿雷克的再次追求，苔丝别无选择。然而，苔丝的命运仍然急泻直下
‘陆’ 急,求德伯家苔丝的故事梗概,英文的!
这个应该可以吧?! 中英文对照 One evening in late May, for the preparation of a new county - and with the residents of this study is the pastor told Dihandeba pedigree: He is the oldest of the samurai family of German descent berghei. This sudden news to the impoverished villages hawkers happy to dancing, he whimsical to the 17-year-old daughter Tess to a nearby rich Tess to identify where Granny "for his household," from fantasy to the economy plight. In fact, Tess Granny with the ancient samurai no family history and relationship, her family is relying on loansharking started upstarts and moved here from the north, the name is sent from the museum. Tess to her home, the son of Ya-lei Rydberg boss see this girl was pretty, a plainclothes out with good intentions, to his home in Tess chicken. Three months later, Ya-lei raped her. Tess Shishen, the Ya-lei extremely contempt and loathing with her spiritual and physical trauma returned to their parents around, find themselves already pregnant. She's not only not been humiliated the sympathy of the community, instead of being ridiculed and criticized. Babies born shortly after YAO out, to the misery of Tess change the environment, to the south a milk factory work. In the milk factory, she recognized the 26-year-old chi Klein. He is sprung from the rich family pastor, the administration has so far refused to take Fuxiong wishes to inherit the mantle pastor willing to give up on the University of opportunity to come here to learn the skills cattle, in order to self-reliance. In the workforce, and the Gong Tess had a mutual feeling of love. When he proposed the chi parents with a married Miss Mendanghui the Wealthy, he flatly refused. Tess and the thinking is very contradictory, she not only the integrity of the human chi, self-reliance and will have a favorable impression of her care, it has been in mourning Shishen, not qualified to be his wife. But finally overcome strong love of remorse for the past, and the chi she was married. Wedding night, Tess determination, to their own "sins" of the original text told chi. But when she finish a Ya-lei and the events of their own, seemingly thinking of the opening of the chi Klein did not forgive her, but decide to mercilessly, to Brazil to Yuandiechongxiang alone, and although he himself did not know a and the dissolute life of the woman. Tess abandoned broken heart. Her loneliness, remorse, anger, despair, but to the whole family, she had to enre humiliation and suffering. At the same time, she was holding a glimmer of hope for getting her husband to change its mind and return to its own side. Day, in the chi-Tess to inquire about information on the way back and found her virginity destroyed the Ya-lei actually become priests, the endless talk of virtue and morality are sermons. Ya-lei also entangled Tess, and her shameless attempt to cohabitation. Tess also afraid of gas, then to her husband wrote a long letter to implore Klein quickly return to protect themselves. Klein in Brazil sick Cross also experienced the ordeal. He then abandoned Tess regret the reckless behavior, decided to return to Britain and Tess Yanguixuhao. But when Tess family misfortune occurred: sudden death of his father, housing landlord was recovered, no family shelter, with no life. In this difficult moment, Ya-lei take advantage of money Youbi Tess and his cohabitation. Klein's return, like a sharp sword, Tess from a state of numbness Hune thorn Peter. In despair, she personally killed Ya-lei, catch up with Klein, in the desert wilderness in a few days to flee through the joy of life. Finally, the dawn of a quiet, Tess arrested, and then liable to be hanged; Klein with Tess's behest, with the feelings of remorse and Tess's sister started a new life. 五月下旬的一个傍晚，一位为编写新郡志而正在考察这一带居民谱系的牧师告诉约翰·德伯：他是该地古老的武士世家德伯氏的后裔。这一突如其来的消息，使这个贫穷的乡村小贩乐得手舞足蹈，他异想天开地要17岁的大女儿苔丝到附近一个有钱的德伯老太那里去认“本家”，幻想借此摆脱经济上的困境。 实际上，德伯老太与这古老的武士世家毫无渊源关系，她家是靠放高利贷起家的暴发户，从北方迁到这里，这个姓也是从博物馆里找来的。苔丝到她家后，德伯老大的儿子亚雷见这个姑娘长得漂亮，便装出一片好心，让苔丝在他家养鸡。三个月后，亚雷奸污了她。 苔丝失身之后，对亚雷极其鄙视和厌恶，她带着心灵和肉体的创伤回到父母身边，发现自己已经怀孕了。她的受辱不仅没有得到社会的同情，反而受到耻笑和指责。婴儿生下后不久就夭析，痛苦不堪的苔丝决心改换环境，到南部一家牛奶厂做工。 在牛奶厂，她认识了26岁的安玑·克莱。他出身于富有的牧师家庭，却不肯秉乘父兄旨意，继承牧师的衣钵，甘愿放弃上大学的机会，来这里学习养牛的本领，以求自立。在劳动中，苔丝和安巩互相产生了爱慕之情。当安玑父母提议他与一个门当户对的富家小姐结婚时，他断然拒绝了。而苔丝的思想却十分矛盾，她既对安玑正直的为人、自立的意志和对她的关怀有好感，又自哀失身于人，不配做他的妻子。但强烈的爱终于战胜了对往事的悔恨，她和安玑结了婚。 新婚之夜，苔丝下定决心，要把自己的“罪过”原原本本地告诉安玑。但一当她讲完自己与亚雷的往事之后，貌似思想开通的安玑·克莱不仅没有原谅她，反而翻脸无情，只身远涉重洋到巴西去了，尽管他自己也曾和一个不相识的女人放荡地生活过。 被遗弃的苔丝心碎了。她孤独、悔恨、愤慨、绝望，但为了全家的生活，她只好忍受屈辱和苦难。同时，她还抱着一线希望，盼着丈夫回心转意，回到自己身边。 一天，在苔丝去安玑家打听消息回来的途中，发现毁掉她贞操的亚雷居然成了牧师，满口仁义道德地正在布道。亚雷还纠缠苔丝，无耻地企图与她同居。苔丝又气又怕，随即给丈夫写了一封长信，恳求克莱迅速归来保护自己。 克莱在巴西贫病交加，也历尽磨难。他后悔当时遗弃苔丝的卤莽行为，决定返回英国与苔丝言归于好。但这时苔丝家又发生变故：父亲猝然去世，住屋被房主收回，全家栖身无所，生活无着。在这困难关头，亚雷乘虚而入，用金钱诱逼苔丝和他同居。克莱的归来，犹如一把利刃，把苔丝从麻木浑噩的状态中刺醒。在绝望中，她亲手杀死了亚雷，追上克莱，他们在荒漠的原野里度过了几天逃亡的欢乐生活。最后在一个静谧的黎明，苔丝被捕，接着被处绞刑；克莱遵照苔丝的遗愿，带着忏悔的心情和苔丝的妹妹开始了新的生活。
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‘柒’ 苔丝的英文简介
Hardy (1840-1928) is an outstanding English realistic novelist and poet. Born in a small village adjacent to the Waste Land of Dorset. As an apprentice in his youth, he taught himself Latin, Greek and theological works.
He studied French at London University and began to write literature at the same time.
Tess is the representative work of Thomas Hardy, an outstanding British critical realist writer at the end of the 19th century. This novel establishes his position as the most outstanding British critical realist writer at the end of the 19th century.
Hardy wrote 14 novels in his lifetime, including Return of the Native, Mayor of Casterbridge, Tess of the D'Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure. He also wrote four short stories, eight lyrics and the epic The Kings.
Hardy's novels mostly reflect the changes of social economy, politics, morality, customs and the tragic fate of the people caused by the invasion of capitalist forces into English rural towns, expose the hypocrisy of the suffocating bourgeois moral and legal concepts, and eulogize the instrious, simple, honest and kind of the working people.
Tess, a beautiful and kind-hearted rural girl, was ravaged by the bourgeois young master, Ariel D'Urberville. From then on, she began to fall into the abyss of pain. Later she met Claire and they really loved each other.
On her wedding night, Tess told Claire about her tragic past in order to be loyal to her husband. In return, she left relentlessly. Forced by a difficult life, Tess fell into the hands of Are again. At this time, the return of Claire made Tess feel extremely desperate.
In order to live with her loved ones, she killed Ale, who brought endless pain to herself. A few days later, Tess was arrested and sentenced to death for murder. Clare followed Tess's instructions and started a new life with her sister.
In fact, Tess's tragedy is the result of many factors. First of all, Tess herself was a kind, innocent and rambling girl who had the courage to take responsibility.
When the family was in a bad state and had to turn to the so-called "Debo" family for help, Tess went to Tranland alone to take care of her family's livelihood.
After being insulted, she decided to leave again; she loved her family and children.
Tess was willing to continue to wronged herself for her parents, brothers and sisters, and to baptize her children after being insulted. Although she occasionally felt painful for herself as a "mother of a nameless child", she still "treated everything with peace of mind".
At the same time, Tess is also a brave pursuit of self-love. Although she was born in the countryside, she was different from those who lived in the countryside. In this land, most women think of marrying a rich family or clinging to a prestigious aristocrat.
Tess was different. She did not like Ariel and refused to be his mistress. Even though she was insulted and her reputation was damaged, she still firmly believed in herself.
Her love for Claire was unflinching. Although she had repeated her experience as a milkman in the dairy farm, when Claire found her again, she decided to leave with him.
However, from another point of view, Tess has her own hesitation and procrastination. Her deferral is different from the collapse of Hamlet's humanistic beliefs, but comes from the restraint of patriarchal ideas.
Tess's pursuit of love often wavered between the female independence under the humanistic belief and the fetters of patriarchal women.
The hardship of her family requires her to shoulder the responsibility of raising her family, which prevents her further pursuit of self-happiness. Humanistic beliefs also tell her that self-happiness is equally important.
Her love for Claire was influenced by her social attitudes, and her humanistic beliefs made her realize that she did not need to worry about the concept of family status.
Social morality is that she once considered herself a "sinner" and couldn't get the love she deserved. Then she cowered in Claire's repeated pursuits and consciously betrayed him.
(7)苔丝电影英文版难度扩展阅读
中文苔丝简介：
哈代(1840-1928)是英国杰出的现实主义小说家和诗人。生于紧邻多塞特郡大荒原的一个小村庄。少年时代当过学徒，自学了拉丁文、希腊文和神学着作。曾在伦敦大学进修法语，同时开始文学创作。
《苔丝》是19世纪末英国杰出的批判现实主义作家托马斯·哈代的代表作，这部小说确立了他19世纪末英国最杰出的批判现实主义文学家的地位。
哈代一生着有《还乡》、《卡斯特桥市长》、《德伯家的苔丝》和《无名的裘德》等14部长篇小说，还写有4部短篇小说集，8部抒情集和史诗剧《列王》。
哈代的小说大多以远离城市文明、保留着传统习俗的英国西南各郡农村为背景，反映了资本主义势力侵入英国农村城镇后所引起的社会经济、政治、道德、风俗等变化和人民的悲惨命运，揭露了使人窒息的资产阶级道德、法律观念的虚伪性，并讴歌了劳动人民的勤劳朴实、正直善良。
美丽、善良的农村姑娘苔丝遭到资产阶级少爷亚雷·德伯的蹂躏，从此开始陷入痛苦的深渊。后来她遇上克莱尔，两人真心相爱。
在新婚之夜，苔丝为了忠于丈夫，将自己过去的悲惨遭遇告诉了克莱尔，没想到换来的却是克莱尔的无情离去。为困顿的生活所迫，苔丝再次落入亚雷手中。此时，克莱尔的归来让苔丝感到无比绝望。
为了与心爱的人生活在一起，她杀死了给自己带来无尽痛苦的亚雷。几天后，苔丝被捕，以杀人罪判处死罪。克莱尔则遵照苔丝的嘱咐，带着她的妹妹开始了新的生活。
事实上苔丝的悲剧是多方面因素的共同结果。首先就苔丝本人来看，她是一个善良，勇于承担责任的天真且烂漫的少女。在家道落魄，不得不向所谓的“德伯”姓氏的人家求助之时，苔丝为照顾家中生计，独自一人赴特兰岭寻求帮助。
而在遭受侮辱之后，她又毅然决然地选择离开；她爱自己的家人和孩子。苔丝愿意为自己的父母和弟弟妹妹们不断地委屈自己，愿意为自己遭受侮辱之后生下的孩子施以洗礼。她虽偶尔为自己作为一个“没有名字的孩子的母亲”而感到痛苦，却依旧“心神恬然地对待一切”。
同时，苔丝也是一个勇于追求自我爱情的人。她虽出身乡土，但却又不同于乡土中那些得过且过的人们。在这片土地上，大多数的女人心中所想的是嫁给一个有钱的人家，或者攀附上一个有名望的贵族。
苔丝却不同，她不喜欢亚雷，拒绝成为他的情妇，即使在遭受侮辱，名声受损之后，仍坚定自己的信念。而她对克莱尔的爱是义无反顾的，虽然在奶牛场做挤奶工时，她曾有过反复，但最终当克莱尔再度找到她的时候，她毅然决然地选择和他离开。
可是，从另一个角度看，苔丝有着自身的犹豫不定和延宕的。她的延宕不同于哈姆雷特人文信念的倒塌，而是出自宗法观念束缚。苔丝对爱情的追求时常摇摆于人文信念下的女性独立和宗法制女性束缚之间。
门当户对的社会观念影响着她对克莱尔的爱，而人文信念又使她深知无需顾虑于门第观念。社会的道德是她一度认为自己是个“罪人”，无法得到应有的爱情，进而在克莱尔一次又一次的追求中畏缩不前，自觉辜负与他。