英语电影里的虚拟语气
❶ 英语中的 虚拟语气怎么用
虚拟语气1)
概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。
2)
在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。
1.真实条件句
真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中
if
是如果的意思。
时态关系
句型:条件从句主句
一般现在时
shall/will/can/may/etc.
+
动词原形
If
he
comes,
he
will
bring
his
violin.
典型例题
The
volleyball
match
will
be
put
off
if
it
___.
A.will
rainB.
rainsC.
rainedD.
is
rained
答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。
注意:
1)
在真实条件句中,主句不能用be
going
to表示将来,该用shall,
will.
(错)
If
you
leave
now,
you
are
never
going
to
regret
it.
(对)
If
you
leave
now,
you
will
never
regret
it.
2)
表示真理时,主句谓语动词便不用shall
(will)
+动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
❷ 英语虚拟语气
英语虚拟语气语法如下:
1、虚拟语气是说话者用来表示一种假想,或者难以达到的情形,而非客观存在的事实。
2、虚式语气在条件句中的使用:条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句。当主句不需要虚拟语气时,真实条件句所表示的假设是可能的,而虚拟条件句则表示与事实相反或不太可能发生的假设,此时使用虚拟语气。
2、if only同 I wish一样,用于表示与事实相反的愿望, wish后的虚拟语气与 wish后所接时态相同。
3、I wouldrather句用虚拟语气仅分现在和过去。
当 would rather、 would sooner、 would just as soon之后的 that从句中,句子谓语习惯上要使用虚拟语气,表示"想做什么"。
4、as if (though)从句的虚拟语气。
由 as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句,有时是虚拟语气,与 wish用法相同。
❸ 英语中,什么叫虚拟语气
虚拟语气的本质是假设。
假设分为可能性大的假设(真实条件句)和可能性小的假设(非真实条件句——虚拟语气)。
英语使用真实时态表达真实条件句,英语使用非真实时态表达非真实条件句——虚拟语气。
例句:
1. You can get all the nutrition you need for much less money if you shop carefully.
如果你仔细购物,你可以用更少的钱得到你需要的所有营养。——真实条件句
2. If I were a bird, I would fly to you.
如果我是一只鸟,我就飞到你身边。——非真实条件句
英语表达虚拟的方式是时间提前,即用谓语的过去形表达虚拟,即:用过去表达现在,用过去的过去表达过去。
虚拟语气的本质也是委婉。
以上就是英语虚拟语气思维的核心。 关于虚拟语气更细致的内容请参考百家号专栏【英语思维:10小时建立完美英语语法体系】
❹ 英语虚拟语气的语句有哪些怎么用
条件中的虚拟语气的举例
(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如:
If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话,他就会充分利用他的时间了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话,他会通知我们一声。
(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如:
If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,它会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话,它会对你很熟悉。
(3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如:
If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我会把电影内容告诉你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿,我就会会到了李先生。
3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题
(1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be时,可用was代替were。但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were中,只能用were。如:
Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话,我会去国外学习。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话,我要尽力抓住这次机会。
(2) 有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,须区别对待。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如:
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会使工程师了
If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。
②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如:
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。
If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。
③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反,而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。如:
If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话,庄家会长得更好。
If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的话,他现在已进了办公室了。
(3) 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可省略,而将were, should, had等词置于句首。如:
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。
Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。
Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话,我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了。
(4) 有时,句子没有直接给出假设情况的条件,而须通过上下文或其他方式来判断。如:
I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 我本该来看你了,然而我太忙了。
But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。
Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导,我不会取得如此大的进步。
(5) 有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句可以省略其中的一个,来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
①省略从句
He would have finished it. 他本该完成了。
You could have passed this exam. 你应该会通过这次考试了。
②省略主句
If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊。
If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了该多好啊。
❺ 英语中的虚拟语气
1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后;would表示结果还表示过去经常常常做某事,might表示可能性,could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较:
If you tried again ,you would succeed. 要是你再试一试,你就会成功的。 (would表结果)
If you tried again, you might succeed. 要是你再试一试,你可能会成功的。 (might表可能)
If you tried again ,you could succeed. 要是你再试一试,你就能成功了。(could表能力)
2、错综时间虚拟条件句 即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整:
If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下过雨的话,现在地面就会是湿的。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. 假若你当时听我的话,你现在就会好多了。
3、If虚拟条件句的否定(含蓄条件句) 常考两个句型:If it weren’t for…和If it hadn’t been for…,其意为“若不是(有)” “要不是”。如:
If it weren’t for water, no plant could grow. 要是没有水植物就无法生长。
If it hadn’t been for your assistance ,we wouldn’t have succeeded.
=But for your assistance ,we wouldn’t have succeeded.
=Without your assistance ,we wouldn’t have succeeded.如果没有你的帮助,我们不会成功的。
4、If虚拟条件句的倒装形式,即把were, had, should置于句首。例:
Were I in school again (= If I were in school again), I would work harder.如果我能再上一次学,我会学习得更努力。
Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)如果你问我,我会告诉你。