英語電影里的虛擬語氣
❶ 英語中的 虛擬語氣怎麼用
虛擬語氣1)
概念
虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀願望或假想,所說的是一個條件,不一定是事實,或與事實相反。
2)
在條件句中的應用
條件句可分為兩類,一類為真實條件句,一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況,故採用虛擬語氣。
1.真實條件句
真實條件句用於陳述語氣,假設的情況可能發生,其中
if
是如果的意思。
時態關系
句型:條件從句主句
一般現在時
shall/will/can/may/etc.
+
動詞原形
If
he
comes,
he
will
bring
his
violin.
典型例題
The
volleyball
match
will
be
put
off
if
it
___.
A.will
rainB.
rainsC.
rainedD.
is
rained
答案B。真實條件句主句為將來時,從句用一般現在時。
注意:
1)
在真實條件句中,主句不能用be
going
to表示將來,該用shall,
will.
(錯)
If
you
leave
now,
you
are
never
going
to
regret
it.
(對)
If
you
leave
now,
you
will
never
regret
it.
2)
表示真理時,主句謂語動詞便不用shall
(will)
+動詞原形,而直接用一般現在時的動詞形式。
❷ 英語虛擬語氣
英語虛擬語氣語法如下:
1、虛擬語氣是說話者用來表示一種假想,或者難以達到的情形,而非客觀存在的事實。
2、虛式語氣在條件句中的使用:條件句有真實條件句和虛擬條件句。當主句不需要虛擬語氣時,真實條件句所表示的假設是可能的,而虛擬條件句則表示與事實相反或不太可能發生的假設,此時使用虛擬語氣。
2、if only同 I wish一樣,用於表示與事實相反的願望, wish後的虛擬語氣與 wish後所接時態相同。
3、I wouldrather句用虛擬語氣僅分現在和過去。
當 would rather、 would sooner、 would just as soon之後的 that從句中,句子謂語習慣上要使用虛擬語氣,表示"想做什麼"。
4、as if (though)從句的虛擬語氣。
由 as if (as though)引導的方式狀語從句或表語從句,有時是虛擬語氣,與 wish用法相同。
❸ 英語中,什麼叫虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣的本質是假設。
假設分為可能性大的假設(真實條件句)和可能性小的假設(非真實條件句——虛擬語氣)。
英語使用真實時態表達真實條件句,英語使用非真實時態表達非真實條件句——虛擬語氣。
例句:
1. You can get all the nutrition you need for much less money if you shop carefully.
如果你仔細購物,你可以用更少的錢得到你需要的所有營養。——真實條件句
2. If I were a bird, I would fly to you.
如果我是一隻鳥,我就飛到你身邊。——非真實條件句
英語表達虛擬的方式是時間提前,即用謂語的過去形表達虛擬,即:用過去表達現在,用過去的過去表達過去。
虛擬語氣的本質也是委婉。
以上就是英語虛擬語氣思維的核心。 關於虛擬語氣更細致的內容請參考百家號專欄【英語思維:10小時建立完美英語語法體系】
❹ 英語虛擬語氣的語句有哪些怎麼用
條件中的虛擬語氣的舉例
(1) 將來時的條件句中的虛擬語氣。如:
If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清華大學的話,他就會充分利用他的時間了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要來的話,他會通知我們一聲。
(2) 現在時的條件句中的虛擬語氣。如:
If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的話,它會幫助我們的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在這所學校學習的話,它會對你很熟悉。
(3) 過去時的條件句中的虛擬語氣。如:
If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看過這場電影,我會把電影內容告訴你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早點到那兒,我就會會到了李先生。
3. 運用條件句中的虛擬語氣時,須注意的幾個問題
(1) 當從句的主語為第三人稱單數時,謂語動詞若是系動詞be時,可用was代替were。但在倒裝虛擬結構及if I were you, as it were中,只能用were。如:
Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我還年輕十歲的話,我會去國外學習。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的話,我要盡力抓住這次機會。
(2) 有時,虛擬條件句中,主、從句的動作若不是同時發生時,須區別對待。
①從句的動作與過去事實相反,而主句的動作與現在或現在正在發生的事實不符。如:
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在學校學習刻苦的話,我現在也會使工程師了
If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他們通知過我們的話,我們現在就不會來這里了。
②從句的動作與現在事實相反,而主句的動作與過去事實不符。如:
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的話,我們會已經派他去北京了。
If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他認識她的話,他肯定會去問候她了。
③從句的動作與過去發生的情況相反,而主句的動作與現在正在發生的情況相反。如:
If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的話,莊家會長得更好。
If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的話,他現在已進了辦公室了。
(3) 當虛擬條件句的謂語動詞含有were, should, had時,if可省略,而將were, should, had等詞置於句首。如:
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答應去的話,我們就派他去。
Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在這兒的話,她會同意我們的。
Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些電腦知識的話,我們會已經聘用他來這里工作了。
(4) 有時,句子沒有直接給出假設情況的條件,而須通過上下文或其他方式來判斷。如:
I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 我本該來看你了,然而我太忙了。
But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的幫助,我們還會在工作呢。
Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是沒有你的指導,我不會取得如此大的進步。
(5) 有時,虛擬條件句中,主、從句可以省略其中的一個,來表示說話人的一種強烈的感情。
①省略從句
He would have finished it. 他本該完成了。
You could have passed this exam. 你應該會通過這次考試了。
②省略主句
If I were at home now. 要是我現在在家裡該多好啊。
If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了該多好啊。
❺ 英語中的虛擬語氣
1、l would/should/could/might主句謂語中的should主要用於第一人稱後;would表示結果還表示過去經常常常做某事,might表示可能性,could表示能力、允許或可能性。比較:
If you tried again ,you would succeed. 要是你再試一試,你就會成功的。 (would表結果)
If you tried again, you might succeed. 要是你再試一試,你可能會成功的。 (might表可能)
If you tried again ,you could succeed. 要是你再試一試,你就能成功了。(could表能力)
2、錯綜時間虛擬條件句 即條件從句與主句所指時間不一致,如從句指過去,而主句即指的是現在或將來,此時應根據具體的語境情況,結合上面提到的三種基本類型對時態作相應的調整:
If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下過雨的話,現在地面就會是濕的。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. 假若你當時聽我的話,你現在就會好多了。
3、If虛擬條件句的否定(含蓄條件句) 常考兩個句型:If it weren』t for…和If it hadn』t been for…,其意為「若不是(有)」 「要不是」。如:
If it weren』t for water, no plant could grow. 要是沒有水植物就無法生長。
If it hadn』t been for your assistance ,we wouldn』t have succeeded.
=But for your assistance ,we wouldn』t have succeeded.
=Without your assistance ,we wouldn』t have succeeded.如果沒有你的幫助,我們不會成功的。
4、If虛擬條件句的倒裝形式,即把were, had, should置於句首。例:
Were I in school again (= If I were in school again), I would work harder.如果我能再上一次學,我會學習得更努力。
Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)如果你問我,我會告訴你。